Fixed-dose combination medicines for CVD, also known as polypills, have been shown to simplify treatment, improve adherence, and help manage key risk factors. These pills combine cholesterol-lowering medicines, blood pressure drugs, and, when appropriate, aspirin, to significantly reduce illness and death caused by atherosclerotic CVD. Their use is suggested for both primary and secondary prevention of CVD. The need for effective and accessible CVD prevention is especially important for people living with HIV, who face a higher risk of developing heart disease but have limited tailored prevention options. A recent study found that those who took a medicine that lowers cholesterol had fewer major heart problems than those who received a placebo over about five years, underscoring the importance of expanding prevention strategies in this group. The proven benefits and cost-effectiveness of fixed-dose combination therapies support their broader use and led to their inclusion on the WHO Essential Medicines List in 2023.

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